未来与意图表达 — ~(으)ㄹ 거예요、~(으)려고、~겠다
Master the three core ways Korean expresses the future and intentions: ~(으)ㄹ 거예요 for plans and predictions, ~(으)려고 for purpose and intention, and ~겠다 for will, conjecture, and polite intention. Includes everyday vocabulary, grammar breakdowns, and a quiz.
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Grammar Patterns
동사 + ~(으)ㄹ 거예요 Future / Plan / Prediction — will, be going to 辅音收尾的动词词干加~을 거예요,元音收尾的加~ㄹ 거예요。表示未来的计划、决定或推测。第一人称表示「我要/打算」,第三人称或天气时常表示「大概会」。거源自것(东西)+이에요。
동사 + ~(으)려고 (하다) Intention / Purpose — intend to, in order to ~(으)려고表示主语的意图或目的。后接하다(~(으)려고 해요)意为「打算/想要做」。后接另一分句时意为「为了」,且两个分句主语须相同。辅音后用~으려고,元音后用~려고。
동사/형용사 + ~겠다 / ~겠어요 Will / Conjecture / Polite intention — I will, must be ~겠在日常中有三种用法:(1)强烈的个人意志或承诺—「저는 꼭 가겠습니다」(我一定会去);(2)对现在/未来情况的推测—「맛있겠다」(一定很好吃);(3)固定表达中委婉礼貌的意图—「알겠습니다」(我明白了/会照做)。加~겠어요(随和敬语)或~겠습니다(正式)。
~(으)ㄹ 거예요 vs ~(으)려고 하다 vs ~겠다 Choosing the right future form 已定的计划或中性预测用~(으)ㄹ 거예요(다음 주에 이사할 거예요)。强调意图或尝试、尚未确定的事用~(으)려고 하다(이사하려고 해요=我在考虑搬家)。当场的决定、承诺或根据证据的推测用~겠다(제가 하겠습니다/힘들겠다)。三者有重叠但语感不同。
测验 (6 questions)
Choose the correct future form: '주말에 친구를 ___ .' (I'm going to meet a friend this weekend.)
주말에 친구를 ___ . (만나다)