Kosakata

Hello (formal)

Goodbye (to person leaving)

Thank you (formal)

I'm sorry (formal)

It's okay / I'm fine

One (native Korean)

Two (native Korean)

One (Sino-Korean)

Two (Sino-Korean)

How much is it?

Korean won (currency)

Please give me / I'll have

It's delicious

Spicy

Check, please / Bill please

To go / Takeout

Water, please

I miss you / I want to see you

Spring

To wait

Game

Don't give up!

Just a moment / Wait a sec

Are you okay?

I love you (polite)

Fighting! / You can do it! / Go!

Student

Teacher

To go

To come

To eat

To drink

To study

Vowel: bright 'a' as in 'father'

Vowel: 'eo' like a surprised grunt

Vowel: round 'o' as in 'go'

Vowel: 'u' as in 'cool'

Vowel: 'i' as in 'see'

Consonant: g (voiced) / k (unvoiced) — gun trigger shape

Consonant: n — corner of the letter N

Consonant: d (voiced) / t (unvoiced) — door frame

Consonant: m — mailbox / mouth

Consonant: b (voiced) / p (unvoiced) — bucket with handles

Consonant: s — summit / seesaw shape

Consonant: j/ch — jellyfish hat shape

Consonant: h — hat on a stick

Three (native Korean)

Four (native Korean)

Five (native Korean)

Three (Sino-Korean)

Four (Sino-Korean)

Five (Sino-Korean)

To do (base for compound verbs)

To see / to watch

To know

To not know

To want (used with 고)

Name

Age

Where are you from?

I'm American

Nice to meet you (very formal)

Family

Father (formal)

Mother (formal)

dog

yes

yes (polite)

apple

scissors

chair

the simplest syllable: consonant + vowel (CV); also a subject-marking particle

tree (two CV blocks: 나 = ㄴ+ㅏ, 무 = ㅁ+ㅜ)

tooth; shows that a vowel-only sound still needs the silent placeholder ㅇ (ㅇ+ㅣ)

cooked rice; a meal

mountain

river

water

night

book

eye; snow

house; home

music

Korean (language)

name

to/at home

school

restaurant

color

red

blue

yellow

green

black

white

shape

square

triangle

what (casual)

where

when

who

why

not (negates verb/adjective)

cannot (unable to)

no

honorific title suffix (e.g. 선생님)

and; and then (sentence-initial)

How much is it?

To be cheap / inexpensive

(Credit/debit) card

bus

taxi

road, way

weather

spring

summer

rain

snow

friend

mood / feeling

Goodbye (to person staying)

Nice to meet you (very formal)

Please take care of me / I'm in your care

To miss / To yearn for (poetic)

To return / Come back

Topic marker

Subject marker

Vowel: unrounded back vowel — no English equivalent

Vowel: 'ae' like 'air' without the r

Vowel: 'e' as in 'pet'

Vowel: 'ya' (double ㅏ)

Vowel: 'yeo' (double ㅓ)

Consonant: r (between vowels) / l (syllable final) — roller coaster track

Consonant: silent (initial position) / ng (final position)

Consonant: aspirated k — ㄱ with extra stroke

Consonant: aspirated t — ㄷ with extra stroke

Consonant: aspirated p — looks like π

Consonant: aspirated ch — ㅈ with extra stroke

Counter for objects (things)

Counter for people

Counter for glasses/cups of drinks

talk; story (casual)

pig

company

(it's) hot

wedding

clock; watch

mountain (CVC block: initial ㅅ + vowel ㅏ + final ㄴ)

water (CVC block with final ㄹ, the batchim/bottom consonant)

milk (two blocks each starting with silent ㅇ: 우 = ㅇ+ㅜ, 유 = ㅇ+ㅠ)

book (CVC block: ㅊ + ㅐ + final ㄱ)

flower

clothes

front; the area in front

job, occupation

pronunciation

clothes (+ subject marker)

book (+ object marker)

it's delicious

it is a job/occupation

soup broth

it is (formal copula)

receives

(that one) eats / eating

the Korean language

soup with rice

congratulation

to be good

together

chopsticks

applause, clapping

to put down, to place

orange

purple

pink

brown

circle

what (formal/full form)

how (in what way)

how many / what (number)

to not exist / to not have

to not be (negative copula)

question

yesterday

to eat

to go

to study

to see, to watch

last week

to exist, to have

plan

promise; appointment

to prepare

travel; trip

probably; perhaps

surely; without fail

to move (house)

to arrive

to eat/drink (honorific)

to be/exist/stay (honorific of 있다)

to sleep (honorific of 자다)

words/speech (honorific of 말)

home/house (honorific of 집)

name (honorific of 이름)

to give (humble, to a superior)

person (honorific counter, replaces 명/사람)

so; therefore

but; however

but; by the way; though

reason

so; that's why; I mean

sentence

Please give me a discount / lower the price

Discount

It's too expensive

Cash

One (item / piece)

Size

Wrapping / packaging (also 'to go')

directly, in person

to answer, to reply

to ask, to inquire

train

subway

airport

ticket

reservation

passport

map

autumn, fall

winter

wind

cloud

to be hot

to be cold

mother

father

older brother (used by a female)

older brother (used by a male)

older sister (used by a female)

older sister (used by a male)

younger sibling

grandmother

grandfather

parents (honorific)

to be glad / happy

to be sad

to get angry

to be scary / afraid

to be happy (content)

to be surprised

to be bored

to be tired

a 'like' (on a post)

follow (on social media)

lol / haha (laughing)

yeah / yep (casual 'yes')

chair (의 uses the compound vowel ㅢ inside a single block: ㅇ+ㅢ)

and/with; shows a horizontal+combined vowel ㅘ placed to the right of ㅇ

Korea (two CVC blocks: 한 = ㅎ+ㅏ+ㄴ, 국 = ㄱ+ㅜ+ㄱ)

kitchen

chicken

flower (+ subject marker)

to read (polite)

to sit (polite)

psychology / state of mind

arrangement / tidying up

president (of a country)

Silla (ancient Korean kingdom)

Lunar New Year (Korean)

contact / getting in touch

one year

heater / stove

the meaning of a flower (flower language)

admission (to school), entrance

deliberately, insistently, particularly

sunrise

to drink

to be busy

to be cold (weather)

to be pretty

to make up one's mind; resolve

to get a job

to stop by; drop in

looks delicious (conjecture)

to make an effort; try hard

schedule; plan (set)

to eat (highly honorific)

age (honorific of 나이)

honorific subject particle (replaces 이/가)

honorific 'to' particle (replaces 에게/한테)

to ask (humble, of 묻다)

because (introduces a reason)

to connect; to link

continuing on; next; in succession

because of; due to (after a noun)

on the contrary; conversely

result; outcome

at the same time; simultaneously

May I try it on?

Exchange (of goods)

Refund

A free extra / bonus item (thrown in)

to convey, to relay (a message)

indirect(ness)

speech (style), way of speaking

to suggest, to propose

to request, to ask a favor

to make/order someone to do

to say so / do so (informal stand-in for 그렇게 말하다)

quotative particle (for direct quotes / nouns / commands)

to be seen / to be visible (passive of 보다)

to be heard / to be audible (passive of 듣다)

to be caught / be seized (passive of 잡다)

to be closed / get shut (passive of 닫다)

to be opened / to open (passive of 열다)

to be used / be written (passive of 쓰다)

to feed (causative of 먹다)

to dress (someone) / put clothes on (causative of 입다)

to save / keep alive (causative of 살다)

to make (someone) laugh / be funny (causative of 웃다)

to receive — forms passive with Sino-Korean nouns (사랑받다 to be loved)

proverb; folk saying

to be well-connected (lit. 'feet are wide')

to be quick to read the situation; socially perceptive

to get ripped off; to be overcharged

pie in the sky; something desirable but unattainable (lit. 'rice cake in a painting')

Joy comes after hardship; no pain, no gain

a frog in a well; someone with a narrow worldview

to depart

to arrive

to transfer (vehicles)

(bus) stop

fare, fee

to be warm

to be cool, refreshing

temperature

rainy season (monsoon)

relative (extended family)

aunt (mother's sister)

uncle (father's brother)

husband

wife

to get married

to be on good terms / get along well

to be lonely

to worry

to be embarrassed / shy

to feel nervous / tense

to be moved / touched

emotion

meeting

report (document)

business trip

working overtime / night work

deadline

thank you for your hard work (said after work)

comment (online)

go go / let's go (let's start)

a post (uploaded content)

subscription (e.g., YouTube)

super / extremely (intensifier prefix)

no fun / boring

super fun / really entertaining

chicken (CVCC block with a double final consonant ㄺ; only ㄱ is pronounced)

flower (CVC block with tense initial ㄲ and final ㅊ, pronounced as [t])

price; value

to be closed (passive)

to listen, to hear

to not know

to quote, to cite

rumor, hearsay

to ask someone to give/do (for the speaker)

to turn on / come on (by itself) (-어지다 passive of 켜다)

to suffer / undergo (something bad) — periphrastic passive

four-character idiom (Sino-Korean)

idiomatic expression; idiom

Rumors spread fast (lit. 'words without feet travel a thousand li')

Birds of a feather flock together (four-character idiom)

killing two birds with one stone (four-character idiom)

Preparedness prevents trouble (four-character idiom)

business client / partner company

approval (by a superior)

person in charge

to cooperate / collaborate

to attend (a meeting/event)

to review / examine

annual salary

to handle / process (a task)

proof photo / verification shot

meme image / funny pic

Is this for real? / No way!

icing on the cake; the cherry on top (lit. 'flowers added to brocade')